What Every Parent Needs to Know About Scabies
Scabies is a contagious skin disease caused by infestation by the human itch mite, a species so small that you need a microscope to see it. It is spread by direct contact with infected individuals and less often by sharing clothing or bedding. Sometimes whole families may be affected. The mites burrow into the outer layer of skin where they live, reproduce and deposit their eggs, forming a characteristic burrow. Eggs mature in 21 days. The itchy rash is an allergic response to the mite. Mites may be more widespread on a baby’s skin, causing pimples over the trunk, or there may be small blisters over the palms and soles. In young children, the head, neck, shoulders, palms, and soles are involved. In older children and adults, hands, wrists, genitals, and abdomen are involved. This rash has NOTHING whatsoever to do with cleanliness-it may occur in all children at all ages.
Symptoms:
- Severe itching especially at night
- Numerous small red bumps or blisters with crusty sores which may be in a linear fashion and is seen mainly in between fingers and toes
- Abrasions of the skin from scratching and digging
Treatment:
Treatment is directed towards the infestation. There is no known home remedy. Prescription creams and lotions (scabicides) are applied all over the body including all body folds. It may be necessary to treat the whole family even if no symptoms are present. The most commonly used cream is Elimite (permethrin). Itching may persist after treatment begins, but will disappear if treatment continues exactly as we prescribe. Cool soaks and calamine lotion can minimize itching. We may recommend an oral antihistamine. You should launder bed linens, towels and underwear after treatment. Mites survive for only 3 to 4 days off the human skin.
Expectations (prognosis):
Most cases of scabies can be cured with one application and children can return to school or day care the next day. A secondary skin infection such as impetigo can occur because of intense scratching. Avoid contact with infected persons.